OSLIS :: MLA Citation Maker :: Middle and High School

Welcome to Citation Maker

Click on the resource (source type) you want to cite from the yellow box on the right. If you need directions, see below.

* Note: Not all source types are included in Citation Maker. If necessary, adapt an existing one and always check the MLA Handbook for specific examples.

To create a citation, follow these steps:

Click on the resource (source type) you want to cite from the yellow box on the right. If a template does not appear, you might need to allow pop-ups from your browser.

Complete the template form with information from your source. Only fill in the boxes that apply with information that is available.

When you are done filling out the form, click "Create Citation Below." Your citations will appear below the template in the dotted box.

Continue this process for each of your sources. You may enter multiple citations without losing the previous ones.

When you have entered all of your citations, sort them into the required alphabetical order by clicking on "Sort All." If your citation begins with quotation marks, manually move that citation from the beginning of the list to its proper alphabetical spot.

After sorting, save your citations. You have three options:
- Use "Copy All" to copy and paste the citations into a word processing document that you print or save. Note that you will lose some formatting with this option.
- Use "Save in Word" to open Microsoft Word and save your citations as a Word document.
- Use "Save to Google Docs" to save your citations as an Open Office document in your Google account.

Once you paste your list into your own document, correct these things as necessary:
- Capitalize the first word of each title and all words in the title with the exception of the, at, to, in, a, etc.
- Double space the list, both between citations and within them.
- When a citation has more than one line, use a hanging indent. To do this, indent the second line and every line thereafter, to the right five spaces.
- Alphabetize the entire list by the first word of each citation. This may be the author's last name or the first word in a title.

OSLIS MLA Elementary Citation Home | OSLIS APA Citation Home

Book [0 - Multiple Authors]

Example - 1 author:

Lee, Harper. To Kill a Mockingbird. New York: Warner, 
    1982. Print.

Example - 0 authors:

The American Renaissance. Philadephia: Chelsea, 2004. Print.

Example - 2 authors:

Reilly, Mary Jo, and Leslie Jermyn. Mexico. 2nd ed. New York: 
    Marshall, 2004. Print.

Example - 3 authors:

Thompsen, Adam, Mary Jensen, and Dori Graham. Coexisting
    Under Stress. Chicago: New Age, 2005. Print.

Example - more than 3 authors:

Adams, Barry, et al. Encyclopedia of Great Civilizations. 
    New York: Shooting Star, 1994. Print.

Authors' Names:

Check this box if more than three authors.

1. Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

2. Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

3. Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

Title of Book: .
Edition (if noted): . (ex: 2nd ed.)
Place of Publication: , (city)
State: : (state abbreviation if less known city)
Publisher: ,
Publication Date: .
Medium of Publication:Print.

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Book [1 - Multiple Editors]

Example - 1 editor:

Bevington, David, ed. The Complete Works of Shakespeare.
    3rd ed. Glenview, IL: Scott, 1980. Print.

Example - 2 editors:

Schlager, Neil, and Jayne Weisblatt, eds. Alternative Energy. 
    3 vols. Detroit: Gale, 2006. Print.

Example - 3 editors:

Abbot, Jack, Greg Brunning, and Matt Doren, eds. System Dynamics.
    Glenview, IL: Scott, 2001. Print.

Example - more than 3 editors:

Edwards, T., et al., eds. The Poetry of Edgar Allan Poe.
    New York: Newcastle, 2004. Print.

Editor's Name(s):

Check this box if more than three editors.

1. Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

2. Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

3. Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

Title of Book: .
Edition (if noted): . (ex: 2nd ed.)
Place of Publication: , (city)
State: : (state abbreviation if less known city)
Publisher: ,
Publication Date: .
Medium of Publication:Print.

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Book - Anthology or Story Collection

Example - poem:

Medina, Pablo. "The Secret." Cool Salsa: Bilingual Poems on 
    Growing Up Latino in the United States. Ed. Lori M. Carlson.
    New York: Holt, 1994. 48. Print.

Example - short story:

Chase, Richard. "Old Christmas Eve." Grandfather Tales.
    Ed. H. L. Pick. New York: Viking, 1973. 58-60. Print.

Example - essay:

Fowler, Robert. "Newspeak and the Language of the Party." George
    Orwell's 1984. Ed. Harold Bloom. Updated ed. New York: Chelsea, 
    2007. 93-108. Print.

Author Name:

Click to add Authors

Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

Title of Article/Chapter:" ."
Title of Book/Anthology: .

Editor Name:

Click to add Editors

Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

Edition (if noted): . (ex: 2nd ed.)
Volume (if noted): .
Place of Publication: , (city)
State: : (state abbreviation if less known city)
Publisher: ,
Publication Date: . Pages: .
Medium of Publication:Print.

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Book Chapter or Essay Republished in a Collection

Example:

Flowers, Betty S. "Wrestling with the Mother and Father: 'His' and 'Her'
    in Adrienne Rich." Private Voices, Public Lives: Women Speak on the 
    Literary Life. Ed. Nancy Owen Nelson. N.p.: U of North Texas P, 1995. 
    54-63. Rpt. in Contemporary Literary Criticism. Ed. Deborah Smith. 
    Vol. 104. Detroit: Gale, 1997. 430-44. Print.

Original Source Information Book

Author Name:

Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

Title of Chapter:" ."
Title of Book:

Editor Name (if given):

Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

Edition (if noted): . (ex: 2nd ed.)
Place of Publication: , (city)
State: : (state abbreviation if less known city)
Publisher: .
Publication Date: . Pages:.

Secondary Source Information

Title of Source: .

Editor Name:

Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

Edition (if noted): . (ex: 2nd ed.)
Volume: .
Place of Publication: , (city)
State: : (state abbreviation if less known city)
Publisher: ,
Publication Date: . Pages:.
Medium of Publication:Print.

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Journal Article Republished in a Collection

Example:

Spilka, Mark. "Of George and Lennie and Curley's Wife: Sweet 
    Violence in Steinbeck's Eden." Modern Fiction Studies 
    65.3 (1974): 43-50. Rpt. in Contemporary  Literary Criticism. 
    Ed. Deborah Smith. Vol. 104. Detroit: Gale, 1982. 430-44. Print.

Original Source Information Journal

Author Name:

Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

Title of Article: " ."
Title of Journal:
Volume: . Issue number:
Issue Date:( ): Pages:.

Secondary Source Information

Title of Source : .

Editor Name:

Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

Edition (if noted): . (ex: 2nd ed.)
Volume: .
Place of Publication: , (city)
State: : (state abbreviation if less known city)
Publisher: ,
Date of Publication: . Pages:.
Medium of Publication:Print.

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Encyclopedia/Reference Work

Example - well-known encyclopedia, with author:

Gillingham, John. "Norman Conquest." The World Book 
    Encyclopedia. 2008 ed. Print.

Example - not well-known encyclopedia, no author:

"Laser Technicians." Encyclopedia of Careers and Vocational Guidance.
    14th ed. Vol. 4. Chicago: Ferguson, 2007. Print.

Example - well-known dictionary, definition:

"Pharaoh." Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary. 11th ed. 2003. Print.

Example - not well-known atlas, with author:

Allen, John L. "Mexico." Student Atlas of World Geography. 6th ed. 
    New York: McGraw, 2009. Print.

Author Name:

Click to add Authors

Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

Title of Article:" ."
Title of Reference Work: .

(If well-known, only fill out the Edition--if noted--and the Publication Year below.)
Edition (if noted): . (ex: 2nd ed.)
Volume: .
Place of Publication: , (city)
State: : (state abbreviation if less known city)
Publisher: ,
Publication Year: . (if noted)
Pages: . (Skip page numbers if the book is arranged alphabetically.)
Medium of Publication:Print.

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Magazine Article

Example - consecutive pages:

Volgelstein, Fred. "Keyword: Monopoly." Wired Aug. 2009: 58-68. Print.

Example - nonconsecutive pages:

Kamp, David. "Rethinking the American Dream." Vanity Fair May 2009: 
    118+. Print.

Author Name:

Click to add Authors

Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

Title of Article:" ."
Magazine:
Issue Date:

Day: Month: Year:

Pages: . (If not consecutive, only list the first page and a plus sign.)
Medium of Publication:Print.

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Scholarly Journal Article

Example - consecutive pages:

Noland, Heather, James H. Price, Joseph Dake, and Susan K. Telljohann. 
    "Adolescents' Sleep Behaviors and Perceptions of Sleep." Journal 
    of School Health 79.5 (2009): 224-230. Print.

Example - nonconsecutive pages:

Harris, Frances. "Ethics from Web 1.0 to Web 2.0." Knowledge Quest 
    37.3 (2009): 56+. Print.

Author Name:

Click to add Authors

Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

Title of Article:"."
Journal:

Volume: Issue:

Publication Year: ():
Pages:. (If not consecutive, only list the first page and a plus sign.)
Medium of Publication:Print.

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Newspaper Article

Example - national paper:

Kantor, Jodi. "In Classroom, a Pragmatic View of the Supreme Court." 
    New York Times 3 May 2009, natl. ed.: A1+. Print.

Example - local paper:

Rivera, Dylan. "Oregon Puts Money Where Its Roads Are." Oregonian 
    [Portland, OR] 29 July 2009, sunrise ed.: A1+. Print.

Example - letter to the editor:

Smith, John. "Who's Really to Blame for Debt?" Letter to the Editor. 
    News-Review [Roseburg, OR] 28 July 2009: 6. Print.

Author Name:

Click to add Authors

Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

Title of Article:" ."
Check this box if letter to the editor.
Newspaper:
City: (If not a national newspaper and if not in the title.) , State:

Issue Date:

Day: Month: Year:

Edition (if noted): (ex: natl. ed.)
Pages: . (If not consecutive, only list the first page and a plus sign.)
Medium of Publication:Print.

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Online Database :: Encyclopedia/Reference Work

Example - encyclopedia, not well-known, no author:

"Eating Disorders." UXL Encyclopedia of Science. Ed. Rob Nagel. 2nd ed. 
    Detroit: UXL, 2007. Student Resource Center - Gold. Web. 20 Aug. 2009.
    <http://find.galegroup.com>.

Example - dictionary, well-known, no author:

"Lewis, Meriwether." Merriam-Webster's Biographical Dictionary. 1995 ed. 
    InfoTrac Junior Edition. Web. 23 June 2009. 
    <http://find.galegroup.com>.

Author Name(s):

Check this box if more than three authors.

1. Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

2. Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

3. Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

Title of Article:" ."
Title of Reference Work: .

(If well-known, only fill out the Edition--if noted--the Publication Year, Name of Database, and Date Accessed below.)
Edition (if noted): . (ex: 2nd ed.)
Volume: .
Place of Publication: , (city)
State: : (state abbreviation if less known city)
Publisher: ,
Publication Year: . (if noted)
Pages: . (Skip page numbers if the book is arranged alphabetically.)
Name of Database: .
Medium of Publication:Web.

Date Accessed:: Day: Month: Year: .

URL(Optional. Ask teacher.): .

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Online Database :: Magazine

Example:

Phillips, Skin. "On the Road Again." Transworld Skateboarding 
    June 2009: 30-50. General OneFile. Web. 16 July 2009. 
    <http://find.galegroup.com>.

Name of Author :

Check this box if more than three authors.

1. Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

2. Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

3. Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

Title of Article:" ."
Title of Magazine:

Issue Date:: Day: Month: Year: :

Pages: . (If not available, use n. pag.)
Database Name: .
Medium of Publication:Web.

Date Accessed:: Day: Month: Year: .

URL(Optional. Ask teacher.): .

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Online Database :: Scholarly Journal

Example:

Youakim, Sami. "Work-Related Asthma." American Family Physician 23.4 
    (2001): 1839-52. Health and Wellness Resource Center. Web. 
    12 Jan. 2009. <http://find.galegroup.com>.

Authors Name(s):

Check this box if more than three authors.

1. Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

2. Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

3. Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

Title of Article:" ."
Title of Journal:

Volume: . Issue:

Publication Year:( ):
Pages: . (If not available, use n. pag.)
Database Name: .
Medium of Publication:Web.

Date Accessed:: Day: Month: Year: .

URL(Optional. Ask teacher.): .

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Online Database :: Newspaper

Example - no author:

"10-year Tab for House's Global Warming Bill: $8B." USA Today 
    11 Aug. 2009: O7A. InfoTrac Student Edition. Web. 12 Aug. 2009. 
    <http://find.galegroup.com>.

Example - author:

Stannard, Matthew B. "EPA Lets State Get Tougher on New Vehicles." 
    San Francisco Chronicle 1 July 2009: A1. InfoTrac Student Edition. 
    Web. 12 Aug. 2009. <http://find.galegroup.com>.

Name of Author:

Check this box if more than three authors.

1. Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

2. Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

3. Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

Title of Article:" ."
Newspaper:
City: (If not a national newspaper and if not in the title.) , State:

Issue Date:: Day: Month: Year: .

Edition (if noted): (ex: natl. ed.)
Pages: . (If not available, use n. pag.)
Database Name: .
Medium of Publication:Web.

Date Accessed:: Day: Month: Year: .

URL(Optional. Ask teacher.): .

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Online Book - Author Database

Example:

Henderson, Donald A, John S. Parker, and Marc Siegel. Anthrax: 
    What You Need to Know. New York: American Council on Science
    and Health, 2003. Student Resource Center: Gold. Web. 
    10 Sept. 2009. <http://find.galegroup.com>.

Authors' Names:

Check this box if more than three authors.

1. Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

2. Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

3. Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

Title of Book: .

(Publication information for original print version, if given in the source.)

Edition (if noted): . (ex: 2nd ed.)
Place of Publication: : (city) (Add state if not well known)
Publisher: , (if known)
Publication Date: .
Database Name: .
Medium of Publication:Web.

Date Accessed: Day: Month: Year: .

URL(Optional. Ask teacher.): .

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Online Book - Editor Database

Example:

Resch, John, ed. Americans at War. Detroit: McMillan, 2005.
    Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 17 Mar. 2009. 
    <http://go.galegroup.com>.

Editors' Names:

Check this box if more than three editors.

1. Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

2. Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

3. Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

Title of Book: .

(Publication information for original print version, if given in the source.)

Edition (if noted): . (ex: 2nd ed.)
Place of Publication: : (city) (Add state if not well known)
Publisher: , (if known)
Publication Date: .
Database Name: .
Medium of Publication:Web.

Date Accessed: Day: Month: Year: .

URL(Optional. Ask teacher.): .

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Internet Website Article

Example - professional site:

"Crater Lake." National Park Service. National Park Service, 
    1 July 2009. Web. 28 Aug. 2009. <http://www.nps.gov/crla/>.

Example - personal site:

Donohue, John. "Crater Lake National Park." John Donohue's National 
    Park Photos. John Donohue, n.d. Web. 28 Aug. 2009. 
    <http://www.jdonohue.com/parks/crater_lake/crater_lake.html>.

Author's Name:

Click to add Authors

Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

Title of Work:
(Only use if different from Title of Overall Website.) " ."

Title of Overall Website: .
Website Publisher/Sponsor:
(If not available, use N.p.) ,

Date Posted/Published (If not available, add n.d. in the Year box.)

Day: Month: Year: .

Medium of Publication:Web.

Date Accessed:: Day: Month: Year: .

URL(Optional. Ask teacher.): .

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Internet Encyclopedia Article

Example - author:

Walter, Terry. "Ballet." Encyclopedia Americana. Grolier Online, 2009. 
    Web. 25 Aug. 2009. <http://www.gogrolier.com>.

Example - no author:

"Ernest Hemingway." Encyclopaedia Britannica Online. Encyclopaedia 
    Britannica, 2009. Web. 10 July 2009. <http://www.britannica.com>.

Author's Name (if given):

Click to add Authors

Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

Title of Article:" ."
Title of Encyclopedia/Website : .

Website Publisher/Sponsor:
(If not available, use N.p.) ,

Year Posted/Published: . (If not available, add n.d.)
Medium of Publication:Web.

Date Accessed:: Day: Month: Year: .

URL(Optional. Ask teacher.): .

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Internet Magazine Article

Example:

Mason, Betsy. "Lunar Probe Sends First High-Res Images." Wired. Wired, 
    2 July 2009. Web. 25 Aug. 2009. <http://www.wired.com/wiredscience 
    /2009/07/Iroimages/>.

Authors Name(s):

Check this box if more than three authors.

1. Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

2. Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

3. Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

Title of Article:" ."
Title of Magazine/Website: .

Website Publisher/Sponsor:
(If not available, use N.p.) ,

Date Posted/Published (If not available, add n.d. in the Year box.)

Day: Month: Year: .

Medium of Publication:Web.

Date Accessed:: Day: Month: Year: .

URL(Optional. Ask teacher.): .

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Internet Scholarly Journal Article

Example - no pages listed:

Ouellette, Marc. "Theories, Memories, Bodies, and Artists." 
    Reconstruction 7.4 (2007): n. pag. Web. 5 June 2009.

Example - with pages listed:

Miller, Greg. "On the Origins of the Nervous System." Science 
    325.5936 (2009): 24-26. Web. 12 Aug. 2009. 
    <http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/short/325/5936/24>.

Authors Name(s):

Check this box if more than three authors.

1. Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

2. Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

3. Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

Title of Article:" ."
Title of Journal/Website:

Volume: .Issue: (if any - can leave blank)

Year Posted/Published: ():
Pages: . (If not available, use n. pag.)
Medium of Publication:Web.

Date Accessed:: Day: Month: Year: .

URL(Optional. Ask teacher.): .

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Internet Newspaper Article

Example - local paper:

Cockle, Richard. "Unique Buddhist Temple Faces Uncertain Future." 
    Oregonian [Portland, OR]. OregonLive, 5 July 2009. Web. 
    18 Aug. 2009. <http://www.oregonlive.com>.

Example - national paper:

Knight, Victoria E. "Treading Carefully With Wellness Programs." 
    Wall Street Journal. Wall Street Journal, 28 July 2009. Web. 
    31 July 2009. <http://online.wsj.com>.

Authors Name(s):

Check this box if more than three authors.

1. Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

2. Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

3. Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

Title of Article:" ."
Title of Newspaper/Website: .

City: (If not a national newspaper and if not in the title.) , State:.

Website Publisher/Sponsor:
(If not available, use N.p.) ,

Date Posted/Published (If not available, add n.d. in the Year box.)

Day: Month: Year: .

Medium of Publication:Web.

Date Accessed:: Day: Month: Year: .

URL(Optional. Ask teacher.): .

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Online Book - Author

Example:

Hawthorne, Nathaniel. Twice-Told Tales. Boston: Houghton, 
    1883. Project Gutenberg. Web. 19 Aug. 2009. 
    <http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/13707>.

Authors' Names:

Check this box if more than three authors.

1. Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

2. Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

3. Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

Title of Book: .

(publication information for original print version, if given in the source)

Edition (if noted): . (ex: 2nd ed.)
Place of Publication: : (city) (Add state if not well known)
Publisher: , (if known)
Publication Year: .
Title of Overall Website: .
Medium of Publication:Web.

Date Accessed:: Day: Month: Year: .

URL(Optional. Ask teacher.): .

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Online Book - Editor

Example:

Wiggin, Kate D., and Nora A. Smith, eds. Pinafore Palace. New York: 
    Grosset, 1907. Project Gutenberg. Web. 17 June 2009. 
    <http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/2/9/3/7/29378/29378-h/29378-h.htm>.

Editors' Names:

Check this box if more than three editors.

1. Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

2. Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

3. Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

Title of Book: .

(publication information for original print version, if given in the source)

Edition (if noted): . (ex: 2nd ed.)
Place of Publication: : (city) (Add state if not well known)
Publisher: , (if known)
Publication Year: .
Title of Overall Website: .
Medium of Publication:Web.

Date Accessed:: Day: Month: Year: .

URL(Optional. Ask teacher.): .

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Electronic Image

Example - image from online book:

Wood, Grant. American Gothic. 1930. World Book. Web. 17 Aug. 2009. 
    <http://www.worldbookonline.com>.

Example - diagram from website:

Emphysema is a Lung Disease. Diagram. 2008. National Institutes of 
    Health. Web. 14 Sept. 2009. <http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/
    ency/imagepages/17055.htm>.

Example - image from museum website:

Da Vinci, Leonardo. Mona Lisa. 1519. Louvre, Paris. Masterpieces of 
    the Louvre. Web. 29 July 2009. 
    <http://www.louvre.fr/llv/commun/home>.

Photographer/Artist (if known):

Click to add Artist

Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

Title of Image/Photo: .
Year Created: . (if known)

Institution / Museum:
(use for works of art) .
City: , (if not included in name of museum)
State: . (state abbreviation if less known city)

Title of Web Page: .
Medium of Publication:Web.

Date Accessed:: Day: Month: Year: .

URL(Optional. Ask teacher.): .

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Internet - Sound

Example - speech:

Kennedy, John F. "The Kennedy Withdrawal." 2 Oct. 1963.
    Presidential Recordings Program: White House Tapes.org. 
    Web. 14 May 2009. <http://www.whitehousetapes.net/
    clip/-kennedy-withdrawal>.

Example - radio program:

Hoel, Lars. "Les Paul Still 'Chasing Sound' at 92." Weekend Edition 
    Sunday. 19 Aug. 2007. NPR. Web. 2 Sept. 2009. 
    <http://www.npr.org>.

Example - recorded event:

Lang, Michael. "Inside Media: The Road to Woodstock." 9 Aug. 2009. 
    Newseum. Web. 15 Aug. 2009. <http://www.newseum.org/>.

Example - music:

Key, Francis Scott. "Star Spangled Banner." Star Spangled Banner. 
    Web. 14 Sept. 2009. <http://www.star-spangled-banner.info/>.

Please note you may have to manually adapt a citation for a sound recording depending on the specific information available. The form below includes the most common elements of a sound recording citation.

Primary Artist/Author: (For a band or group, use the box for Last Name.)

Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

(You decide who to feature as the primary artist, based on how this resource relates to your research. Author, composer, and performer roles do not need to be identified further, so choose the blank option for those.)

Primary Artist Information:

Title of Song/Speech: " ." (if known)
Title of Recording: . (if relevant)

Supplementary Artists:

Click to add Artists

Artist Name: ,

Supplementary Artist Information:

Manufacturer: ,

Event Date/Release Year:: Day: Month: Year: .

Title of Web Page: .
Medium of Publication:Web.

Date Accessed:: Day: Month: Year: .

URL(Optional. Ask teacher.): .

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Internet Video Clip

Example - movie:

The Paper Chase. Dir. James Bridges. Perf. Timothy Bottoms and John 
    Houseman. Twentieth Century Fox, 16 Oct. 1973. Hulu. Web. 
    12 Aug. 2009. <http://www.hulu.com/the-paper-chase>.

Example - YouTube clip:

The History of YouTube. Dir. Robert Hinderliter. 18 May 2007. YouTube. 
    Web. 14 June 2009. <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x2NQiVcdZRY>.

Example - television program:

Meet the Press. 16 Aug. 2009. MSNBC. Web. 17 Aug. 2009. 
    <http://www.msnbc.msn.com>.

Title of Film/Clip: .
Director/Creator: .
Cast or Other Info (if known): .
Distributor (if known): ,

Release Year/Creation Date:: Day: Month: Year: .

Title of Website: .
Medium of Publication:Web.

Date Accessed:: Day: Month: Year: .

URL(Optional. Ask teacher.): .

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E-mail

Examples:

Soja, Julie. "Re: Hubble Space Telescope image enhancement
    techniques." Message to the author. 23 Jan. 2009. E-mail.

Smith, Sandy. "Seattle Viaduct Alternatives."
    Message to Jane R. Doe. 17 Sept. 2008. E-mail.

Author's Name:

Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

E-mail Subject Line/Title of E-mail:" ."
Description of Message: .

Date Received:: Day: Month: Year: .

Medium of Publication:E-mail.

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Internet - Online Posting/Blog

Example:

Fox, Justin. "GDP: Nothing to Write Home About." Blog. The Curious 
    Capitalist. Time.com. Time, 31 July 2009. Web. 5 Aug. 2009. 
    <http://curiouscapitalist.blogs.time.com/2009/07/31/
    gdp-nothing-to-write-home-about/>.

Author's Name:

Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

Title or Description of Posting:" ."
Type:
Title of Blog/Web Page:
(Only use if different from Title of Overall Website.) .
Title of Overall Website: .
Website Publisher/Sponsor:
(If not available, use N.p.) ,

Date Posted/Published (If not available, add n.d. in the Year box.)

Day: Month: Year: .

Medium of Publication:Web.

Date Accessed:: Day: Month: Year: .

URL(Optional. Ask teacher.): .

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CD-ROM

Example - CD-ROM encyclopedia, with author:

Howard, John. "Honeybees." Animal Kingdom. Chicago: World Book, 
    2003. CD-ROM.

Example - CD-ROM encyclopedia, no author:

"Spiders." Grolier's New Multimedia Encyclopedia. Danbury, CT: 
    Grolier, 2000. CD-ROM.

Author:

Click to add Authors

Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

Title of Article:" ."
Title of CD-ROM: .

Volume: Edition: (if noted; ex: 2nd ed.)

Place of Publication: , (city)
State: : (state abbreviation if less known city)
Publisher: , (if known)
Year of Publication: .
Medium of Publication:CD-ROM.

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Video/DVD

Personal Interview

Examples:

Gates, Bill. Telephone interview. 15 Oct. 2008.

Dreyer, Richard L. Personal interview. 24 Jan. 2009.

Person(s) Interviewed:

Click to add Persons

Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

Type of interview: .

Day: Month: Year: .

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Sound Recording

Example - album by a band/group:

Beatles. Abbey Road. Capitol, 1969. MP3 file.

Example - album by an artist, featured song:

John, Elton. "This Song Has No Title." Goodbye Yellow Brick Road.
    MCA, 1974. CD.

Example - opera, featured supplementary artist:

Mozart, Wolfgang A. Cosi Fan Tutte. Perf. Kiri Te Kanawa, 
    Frederica von Stade, David Randall, and Phillippe Huttenlocher. 
    Cond. Alain Lombard. Strasbourg Philharmonic Orch. RCA, 1978. LP.

Example - radio program, featured primary artist:

Welles, Orson, dir. The War of the Worlds. By H.G. Wells. Adapt. 
    Howard Koch. Mercury Theatre on the Air. Rec. 30 Oct. 1938.
    Radio Spirits, 1998. CD.

Please note you may have to manually adapt a citation for a sound recording depending on the specific information available. The form below includes the most common elements of a sound recording citation.

Primary Artist/Author: (For a band or group, use the box for Last Name.)

Last: , First: Middle Initial: .

(You decide who to feature as the primary artist, based on how this resource relates to your research. Author, composer, and performer roles do not need to be identified further, so choose the blank option for those.)

Primary Artist Information:

Title of Song: " ." (if known)
Title of Recording: .

Supplementary Artists:

Click to add Artists

Artist Name: ,

Supplementary Artist Information:

Manufacturer: ,
Release Year: .

Medium:

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Source Type

Citation Resources